Isn't Wikipedia Biased?
The authors describe Wikipedia’s contributor demographics and efforts to address coverage gaps through edit-a-thons and outreach. Their historical account reports progress while acknowledging substantial remaining imbalances.
THE IDEA
Isn’t Wikipedia Biased?
Yes, Wikipedia is biased—if by “biased” we mean that Wikipedia reflects the proclivities of its contributors, who overwhelmingly skew male, white, college educated, and middle class. Wikipedia is acutely aware of its bias (there’s an entire Wikipedia page devoted to it) and has made strides to enlist more women and people of color to its editing ranks. Over the past few years, the phenomenon of “edit-a-thons” has taken hold, where groups come together to create Wikipedia content to rectify imbalances in coverage. The first edit-a-thons focused on increasing the coverage of women scientists. But there have also been editing events on Black history, the history of Indigenous peoples, and the status of lower caste peoples in India, as well as events on many other underrepresented groups.11
Wikipedia still isn’t where it wants to be—not by a long shot. But it’s trying. Between 2015 and 2018, the site increased the number of entries about women from 15 to 17 percent. This might not seem like a lot until you realize that the change resulted in 83,600 new entries.12 While the rest of the internet peddles clickbait, tracks our every move, and auctions our data to the highest bidder, Wikipedia—free, ad-less, and staffed by volunteers—is headed in the right direction. The site, notes internet theorist Yochai Benkler, captures our imagination not because Wikipedia is “so perfect” but because in so many cases it is “reasonably good . . . a proposition that would have been thought preposterous a mere half-decade ago.”13
When to use it
Evaluating the reliability of Wikipedia articles by considering potential coverage gaps.
Understanding systemic bias in user-generated content platforms.
Recognizing the value of targeted outreach initiatives (like edit-a-thons) in improving representation.
Using Wikipedia's awareness of its own bias as a model for critical information literacy.
FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE
In practice
Edit-a-thon for Women Scientists
The first Wikipedia edit-a-thons focused on increasing coverage of women scientists, addressing the gender gap in biographical entries.
Coverage of Underrepresented Groups
Edit-a-thons have also been held on Black history, Indigenous peoples, and lower caste peoples in India, demonstrating targeted efforts to correct systematic biases.
A MOMENT TO REFLECT
Put it to work.
How does the demographic bias of Wikipedia contributors affect the information you find on the site?
In what other areas of your life might similar demographic biases shape the information you consume?
What actions could you take to help counteract biases in collective knowledge projects like Wikipedia?
References
- Yochai Benkler quote on Wikipedia — Yochai Benkler
CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION
Source texts
- Verified How to Think Straight, Get Duped Less, and Make Better Decisions about What to Believe Online (Mike Caulfield, Sam Wineburg)