Archetypes
Archetypes are recurring patterns or roles in stories. Jung linked them to a collective unconscious; writers can use familiar roles while developing characters beyond them.
THE IDEA
An archetype is a recurring pattern in stories across periods and cultures. The word “archetype” means “original pattern,” from ancient Greek. Carl Jung believed archetypes arose from a collective unconscious and appeared in dreams, religion, and art.
Writers can adapt familiar roles, qualities, and motivations to new stories. Developing a character beyond the expected role can keep the character from becoming merely a vehicle for a moral or political lesson.
When to use it
A writer developing a new character can draw on archetypes as a foundation, then add unique traits to avoid cliché.
A therapist might help a client recognize which archetypes they identify with, such as the 'wounded healer'.
In branding, companies use archetypes (e.g., the Explorer, the Sage) to craft a consistent identity that resonates with consumers.
FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE
In practice
The Hero's Journey in Star Wars
Luke Skywalker embodies the Hero archetype: an ordinary youth called to adventure, facing trials, and returning transformed.
The Trickster in Folklore
In many cultures, the Trickster (e.g., Anansi, Coyote) disrupts norms, playing pranks that often teach lessons about human nature.
A MOMENT TO REFLECT
Put it to work.
Can you identify archetypes in your favorite stories? How do they enhance the narrative?
Think of a time you fell into an archetypal role in a group (e.g., the caregiver, the rebel). How did it shape your behavior?
How can awareness of archetypes help you create more dynamic characters or understand real people?
References
- The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious — Carl Jung (1959)
CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION
Source texts
- The Great Mental Models Volume 4 Economics and Art